China's instrument industry will accelerate the development of advanced automatic control system, large-scale precision test equipment, new instruments and sensors, mainly focusing on the needs of national major projects, strategic emerging industries and people's livelihood
Although China's instrument industry has made great progress, in the fields of automation control system, field instruments and key precision testing instruments, although China's instrument market situation will have great changes compared with previous years, there is still a big gap with the international advanced level. This is also a goal for the development of China's instrument industry in the future to achieve, catch up with and lead the development of international technology.
How to develop China's instrument industry in the future?
1. To further improve the technology and level of China's instruments and meters, it is necessary to comply with the trend of industrial development, stabilize conventional varieties, further develop intelligent instruments and meters, and improve the level of digitalization, intelligence and integration of the industry. The application of new technology is also essential, such as the use of frequency control, new motor, low labor consumption, micro piezoelectric ceramic I / P converter, Bluetooth communication technology, intelligent and fieldbus and other new technologies to develop intelligent actuators.
2. The quality and reliability of our products has always been a tough problem in the development of the instrument industry, which must be solved. China's instrument industry should improve the reliability, applicability and performance of products in the future. In fact, in some product areas, the performance and function of our self-developed products have reached the international level, but the reliability and adaptability are slightly inferior. This is also a big bottleneck that should be solved in the future development of China's instrument industry, so as to make domestic instruments more competitive in the international market.
3. To further enrich the varieties and specifications of instruments and meters, such as domestic transmitters with micro low pressure below 1kPa, high differential pressure range above 800kpa, high static pressure above 16MPa, corrosion resistance and other specifications, all need to be enriched. If these products can not meet the requirements of special applications, their application and development will be greatly limited.
4. Further improve the degree of automation and precision of products. The degree of automation of instruments in our country is not high enough, and some of them need to be operated manually. Today, computer technology is widely used. In order to obtain higher efficiency and reduce labor intensity, we must further use computer technology to improve the degree of instrument automation. The measurement accuracy should also be gradually improved, such as flowmeter, measuring instrument, etc. higher accuracy can make the instrument more reliable and more widely used.
5. At present, China's instrument products are mainly concentrated in the low-end market, while the high-end market is mainly occupied by foreign brands. In some high-end areas, domestic products are even blank, which requires China's instrumentation to enter the high-end market in the future and expand the share of high-end products. After the development of domestic instruments in technology, performance, reliability, quality, automation, precision, high-end and other fields, the market share of China's instrument industry will increase.
With the development of the world, the development of instruments and meters is also developing. The speed of development affects the industry enterprises. Through the analysis of the development direction and goal of the instrument industry, the development of instruments and meters is still bright.
2) Based on localization, the instrument industry promotes the rapid development of instruments in China
In recent years, with the rapid development of China's economy, the R & D and production level of scientific instruments and equipment has been continuously improved, and new products have realized automation and informatization, but they can not meet the needs of China's scientific research and economic development. In recent years, a large number of international high-level instruments and meters have been introduced, and the number of imports is also increasing year by year. This is not only a great impact on the design and development, components and production process of domestic measuring instruments, but also a great shock to the design theory and manufacturing method of instruments in China.
With the development of this "soft science", the intelligent level of instrument hardware circuit can be improved rapidly. British manufacturers are a good example of this. The integrated circuit industry in Britain is relatively weak, but the instrument industry is very advanced. This mainly lies in the use of modern design ideas and programs to organize the design of imported components of the instrument. The modernization of China's instrument industry should first be the modernization and intellectualization of instrument design. Only in this way can we enter a virtuous circle, make the design and production of instruments based on localization, and promote the rapid development of instruments in China.
First of all, with the advantages of high and new technology, new components and software development, some backward scientific instruments and equipment have been upgraded and promoted step by step. A total of more than 10000 yuan has been invested in the upgrading of scientific instruments and equipment, and large categories and sets of instruments and equipment have been upgraded, The original value of nearly 100 million yuan of instruments and equipment to restore the use of function and improve the technical performance, and achieved results.
Secondly, foreign instrument manufacturers have done a good job in product serialization. Almost every type of product has launched a series of products. There are simple to complex functional series; There are low to high range type series; There are instrument accessories, interfaces and other different series of accessories. This will bring huge attraction to users, and the benefits are also very considerable.
Advanced intelligent instruments and meters, its versatility is very strong. This is mainly reflected in the fact that most products have universal interface system, which can easily connect the system with the computer to form an automatic test system. In this way, the use and range of instruments and meters are greatly expanded.
Finally, the large foreign instrument and computer manufacturers, without exception, are equipped with a high level of automatic detection, automatic calibration and online maintenance technology functions and systems. Relying on technological innovation to realize the transformation and replacement of scientific instruments and equipment is the fundamental measure to change the aging status of instruments, improve the intact rate of instruments and give full play to the role of instruments.
3) Many famous universities have set up the major of instrument and meter
Instrumentation is an important tool for human to obtain information, understand nature and transform nature. Widely involved in the national economy, scientific research and all aspects related to people's daily production, it is a comprehensive engineering field that provides detection, measurement, monitoring and control devices, equipment and technology, and provides an important material and technical guarantee for human society. With the rapid development of laser technology, electronics technology, automation technology, precision machinery technology, computer and software technology, as well as the continuous emergence of new materials and new processes, not only enrich and enrich the foundation of the discipline of instrument engineering, but also broaden and develop the research field of this discipline, making instruments and meters toward precision, automation, intelligence, integration and integration Miniaturization and multifunctional development.
At the beginning of the founding of the people's Republic of China, new China was in a period of large-scale economic recovery and construction. In response to a large number of large-scale backbone industrial enterprises and national defense industry's demand for industrial instrument professionals, Tianjin University and Zhejiang University took the lead in establishing "precision mechanical instrument specialty" and "optical instrument specialty" in 1952, and gradually formed a system.
In 1958, a number of famous universities in China, such as Tsinghua University, Harbin Institute of technology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Southeast University, Hefei University of technology, Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, successively set up the specialty of precision instruments. According to the running mode of the Soviet Union, corresponding to various types of instruments, they were equipped with measuring instruments, optical instruments, timing instruments, analytical instruments, electronic instruments, etc Thermal instrument, aviation instrument, electronic measuring instrument, scientific instrument, etc. With loyalty to the party's educational cause and high patriotic enthusiasm, teachers and students work hard. Under the condition of difficult human, material and financial resources, a number of instrument professionals trained by our country have stepped out of the school and become the backbone technical force in national economic construction, national defense construction and scientific research, making remarkable achievements.
For more than ten years, the predecessors in the field of instrumentation in the academic, scientific and educational circles have made in-depth discussion, profound analysis and incisive description for the role and status of instrumentation. Famous scientists Wang Daheng, Yang Jialong, Jin Guofan and other academicians highly summarized and pointed out that "instrumentation is an important part of the information industry and the source of the information industry", revealed the discipline nature and positioning of instrumentation, pointed out the development direction of instrumentation discipline, had far-reaching guiding significance for the development of the discipline, and called for it. From this, the discipline of instrumentation has been correctly positioned, standardized and described, and the development direction has been made clear.
The development speed of instrumentation specialty is unprecedented. In less than 10 years, the scale of running a school has quadrupled. It shows a good state of hot enrollment and distribution. The reason for the great development of this major is not only from the greater social demand, but also from the social recognition of this major education. The knowledge structure of this major is based on the disciplines of optics, machinery, electronics and computing. It cultivates broad caliber talents with thick foundation and wide range of knowledge, which is in line with the demand of the talent market and the vigorous development of information technology.
4) What is the biggest difference between domestic pipe valve parts and imported pipe valve parts?
In China's current instrument pipe and valve market, in addition to the low-pressure instrument pipe and valve has reached the level acceptable in the international market, the high-pressure regulating instrument pipe and valve still depends on import. Under the situation of sustained optimistic macro-economy, most of the production and sales indicators of the instrument pipe and valve industry have maintained a rapid growth. However, due to the impact of the price war, the sales revenue and profit of the industry have decreased significantly compared with last year.
At present, although China's instrument pipe and valve industry is developing rapidly, there are many problems, such as low industry development level and low product technology content. As the domestic instrument pipe and valve industry started late and is still in the development stage, the design, manufacturing, production and test capacity of instrument pipe and valve is lower than the advanced level of foreign countries, many key instrument pipe and valve parts still rely on imports, many instrument pipe and valve parts have no core technology, coupled with the limitation of automatic control level, Compared with developed countries, there is a certain gap in the technology of high-end instrument pipe and valve parts.
At present, the gap between China's instrument pipe and valve industry and foreign instrument pipe and valve industry is obvious, and there are mainly four comprehensive gaps: first, the gap in the ability of technological innovation; Second, the gap in processing technology; Third, the gap in quality management and equipment; Fourth, the gap in process management. This also allows us to see their own shortcomings, in order to find the gap and the essence of the problem, so as to improve and improve.
The gap in technological innovation ability and insufficient technological innovation ability are the stumbling blocks hindering the development of our instrument pipe and valve industry. At present, the design level of China's instrument pipe and valve industry is not high. Although the domestic backbone enterprises have certain R & D conditions, the R & D centers of most instrument pipe and valve enterprises are limited by personnel and facilities, lack of sufficient capital investment, and the R & D and technical service capabilities are relatively closed. They mainly provide services to enterprises according to the needs of enterprises, and design according to sales orders The function of process planning is simple; Such as on-site technical treatment in the production process of instrument pipe valves, or engaged in a small number of new product development.
There is a big gap between the design level of domestic instrument pipe and valve parts and that of developed countries. At present, the advanced technology introduced by many domestic instrument pipe and valve enterprises is rarely innovated. When overseas customers visit China's heavy industry projects, such as papermaking and petrochemicals, they find that the instrument pipe and valve products of many projects are only changed on the basis of western design prototypes. The processing technology is also relatively backward, although some domestic instrument pipe and valve manufacturing enterprises have modern equipment, which can realize automatic operation, and even make some western enterprises dwarfed. But most of the enterprises are old equipment, poor working environment.
There is a big gap between our business philosophy and the pursuit of goals and foreign-funded enterprises, especially in the processing technology of product blanks, which is also our reflection. The practice of foreign enterprises is different from that of Chinese enterprises. Chinese enterprises first engage in infrastructure construction, expand production plants and add production equipment. The plants are also expanded again and again. They pursue large and comprehensive, modern style, and only want to expand the production scale, ignoring the R & D and investment of new products. As a result, the products have a serious lack of stamina, and most of the products are imitations, only producing ordinary and low-grade products, Too much energy into the market balance valve market operation, the use of improper means to engage in product marketing competition, resulting in the lack of core competitiveness. Many domestic enterprises refer to the design of other manufacturers when they are engaged in R & D, thus ignoring the importance of the original experimental data. In this way, the products developed only have the shape and no real soul.
As the whole industrial system, there are also some problems. Our R & D system is quite weak, but our innovation ability is relatively weak. Now some enterprises have many branches and joint ventures. Some enterprises have little investment in R & D ability, the construction of scientific and technological team, and the establishment of R & D means and facilities. In fact, the R & D investment is very large, At present, the R & D team, R & D means, R & D product testing measures and type test equipment of the whole industry are not enough to support the R & D and new product development of our instrument pipe valve industry, let alone the development of high-end products.